Sri Lanka’s rich history is brought to life through its ancient cities, with Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa standing out as two of the most significant and well-preserved cultural landmarks. These ancient capitals, part of the island’s Cultural Triangle, offer travelers an immersive journey into Sri Lanka’s storied past.

Anuradhapura:
Anuradhapura, the first capital of ancient Sri Lanka, served as the political and religious center for over a millennium, from the 4th century BC to the 10th century AD. It is revered for its deep connection to Buddhism and is home to some of the oldest and most sacred sites on the island. Among its highlights is the Sri Maha Bodhi, a sacred fig tree believed to be a sapling from the original Bodhi tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment. Other significant monuments include the towering stupas such as the Ruwanwelisaya and Jetavanaramaya, which once ranked among the largest structures in the ancient world. The vast ruins of monasteries, palaces, and temples in Anuradhapura provide a window into the grandeur of ancient Sri Lankan civilization.

Polonnaruwa:
Polonnaruwa succeeded Anuradhapura as the island’s capital in the 11th century AD, marking a new era of prosperity and architectural achievement. The ancient city is renowned for its well-preserved ruins, which reflect the ingenuity and artistry of its rulers. Notable landmarks include the Gal Vihara, where stunning rock carvings of the Buddha, including a massive reclining figure, showcase exquisite craftsmanship. The Parakrama Samudraya, a vast man-made reservoir, demonstrates the advanced irrigation systems that supported the region’s agricultural economy. Polonnaruwa’s palace complexes, temples, and sculptures make it a treasure trove of history and art.

Together, Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa offer an unparalleled exploration of Sri Lanka’s ancient heritage. These cities are a testament to the island’s historical importance, religious devotion, and architectural brilliance, providing a unique experience for travelers interested in the ancient world.